Handling Difficult Behaviors

Minimizing Agitation and Anxiety

When a loved one is living with dementia, agitation, anxiety, and aggression often have underlying causes — pain, hunger, thirst, medication side effects, or the frustration of not being able to communicate. Confusion and a loss of control can further fuel these reactions. Caregivers can help reduce negative emotions and aggressive behavior by avoiding overstimulation, keeping a consistent daily routine, and steering clear of substances that may increase agitation. A calm, soothing environment goes a long way, as do gentle massages and regular opportunities for physical activity. It's also important to avoid forcing solutions or engaging in arguments.

Handling Duplicate Conversations and Questions

It's common for someone with dementia to forget a conversation seconds after it happens — repeating a story they just shared or asking a question you've already answered. Attempting to correct or remind them rarely helps, and can actually lead to embarrassment, agitation, and increased anxiety. Instead, keep answers brief and straightforward without over-explaining. Try redirecting their attention to a familiar activity or singing a song they know. When possible, hold off on sharing information about upcoming events until just before they occur, and consider posting simple signs around the home that address frequently asked questions.

Coping with Delusions, Suspicion, and Paranoia

Dementia affects the brain in ways that can distort how a loved one processes information and perceives the people around them — including you. If they become suspicious or accusatory, try not to take it personally. Avoid giving them access to large sums of money, and be mindful of where they tend to hide things. Arguing will rarely resolve the situation; instead, rely on calm verbal reassurances and soothing non-verbal cues like a gentle touch or steady eye contact. Make sure other caregivers and close family members are aware of these behaviors so everyone can respond consistently and compassionately.